Lichen planus
What is lichen planus?
Lichen planus is an inflammatory condition that can affect both the skin and mucous membranes. In the mouth, it often appears as fine, slightly raised whitish-grey lines in a symmetrical pattern. Sometimes you will see reddish patches or sores. Cheek mucosa, lips, tongue and sometimes the gums are particularly affected. It often goes unnoticed by patients and is found during a check-up. Complaints, such as burning sensations, occur intermittently. Strongly spiced food, citrus fruits and certain drinks can make it worse.
Frequency and cause
The condition occurs in a few percent of the population, mostly in people over the age of 40. It is slightly more common in women than in men. The exact cause is unknown. It is sometimes associated with dental fillings, but replacing them usually does not lead to improvement.
Diagnosis
Doctors can often recognise lichen planus by its appearance in the mouth. Sometimes a small piece of tissue assessed under a microscope (biopsy) is needed to make the diagnosis.
Treatment and relief
There is no cure. However, symptoms can be relieved with:
- Ointment (cream or gel) or rinse, use several times a day according to doctor's instructions. Afterwards, do not eat and/or drink for at least half an hour.
- For involved gums: use a soft toothbrush to avoid irritation.
Lichen planus in the mouth is usually stable and changes little over the years. In many patients, it remains present for a long time and sometimes for life.
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The brochure offers additional information about this treatment. Please note that it includes medical images that some people may find sensitive.
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